Technology as an Enabler

Technology as an Enabler: How Constant Therapy is Revolutionizing Stroke Recovery

By Swarna Kuruganti and Mukul Pandya

When Veera Anantha and his team launched the Constant Therapy mobile app in 2014, they faced widespread skepticism about whether stroke survivors could effectively use rehabilitation technology at home. Many healthcare professionals believed that recovery required in-person clinical sessions, doubting that patients with cognitive impairments could successfully engage with digital tools independently. Today, with more than 300 million exercises delivered to more than 700,000 patients in 10 years, Boston-based Constant Therapy has not only proven the skeptics wrong but has revolutionized how we approach stroke rehabilitation.

The platform’s success stems from its solid foundation in clinical research, built on the groundbreaking work of Dr. Swathi Kiran at Boston University. “Every single exercise — not just the exercise category itself, but even the stimuli — is evidence based,” explains Anantha, Constant Therapy’s CEO. This commitment to clinical rigor extends beyond the initial design – as the platform collects more data, it continues to refine and optimize its approach based on real-world outcomes.

The scale of Constant Therapy’s user base—more than 700,000 patients who have completed more than 300 million exercises—demonstrates its significant impact. This growth represents hundreds of thousands of stroke survivors navigating the profound identity shift that occurs after a stroke. When physical or cognitive abilities change dramatically, people often struggle with the fundamental question: “Who am I now?” This identity crisis can be as devastating as the physical effects themselves. Constant Therapy’s approach addresses this by helping users regain specific functions that connect them to their pre-stroke identity. Simultaneously it supports them in developing a new sense of self—what is often described as “not bouncing back, but bouncing forward.” The app provides tangible evidence of progress, offering psychological benefits alongside cognitive improvements.

Artificial Intelligence and Personalization

What sets Constant Therapy apart is its use of artificial intelligence to personalize rehabilitation exercises for each patient’s unique needs and abilities. The platform’s AI engine continuously monitors multiple dimensions of performance – not just whether answers are correct, but response times, patterns of improvement, and consistency across different types of exercises.

The AI system employs a specialized speech recognition engine specifically tuned for patients with aphasia and other speech difficulties. Unlike conventional speech recognition technology, which often struggles with impaired speech patterns, Constant Therapy’s engine can better understand and evaluate responses from stroke survivors. This tailored approach allows the platform to more accurately assess progress and identify specific areas where patients need additional support.

The system’s personalization capabilities extend beyond simple progress tracking. Using its vast database of patient outcomes, the AI can compare an individual’s performance against thousands of similar cases, helping to identify optimal exercise progressions and potential areas of difficulty before they become roadblocks. This predictive capability allows the platform to proactively adjust exercise difficulty and introduce supplementary exercises that strengthen underlying skills.

“Think of it as an expert tutor being with the patient at all times,” says Anantha. The AI continuously analyzes performance patterns to determine when a patient is ready to advance to more challenging exercises, or when they might benefit from additional practice with foundational skills. This dynamic adjustment happens in real-time, ensuring that patients are always working at the optimal level of challenge – not so easy that they become bored, but not so difficult that they become frustrated.

The platform’s AI also learns from how clinicians work with patients during therapy sessions. When a therapist modifies exercise parameters or introduces new activities, the system incorporates this information into its personalization algorithms. This hybrid approach combines the pattern-recognition capabilities of AI with the nuanced understanding that experienced clinicians bring to rehabilitation.

One of the platform’s most innovative features is the “brain fingerprint” – a spider web-like visualization that shows patients their progress toward functional benchmarks across different cognitive domains. The AI uses its comprehensive analysis of patient performance to generate these visualizations, translating complex clinical data into intuitive progress markers that patients and families can easily understand. Rather than using abstract clinical measures, these benchmarks are tied to real-world abilities – like progressing from reading individual letters to complete sentences and paragraphs.

Looking ahead, Anantha and his team continue to enhance the AI capabilities based on the growing dataset of patient interactions. With each new user, the system becomes more sophisticated in its ability to predict effective rehabilitation pathways and personalize support for individual needs. This continuous improvement cycle ensures that Constant Therapy remains at the forefront of technology-enabled rehabilitation, while maintaining its foundational commitment to evidence-based practice.

Enhancing, Not Replacing, Clinical Care

Despite its technological sophistication, Constant Therapy was never designed to replace human therapists. “We think of clinicians as not just important, but they are champions of enabling the patient to succeed,” notes Anantha. Instead, the platform serves as a powerful tool that amplifies therapists’ impact.

Clinicians use Constant Therapy’s clinical version to deliver more efficient care, with dramatically reduced time spent on preparation and documentation. The platform automatically tracks detailed performance metrics that would be impractical to measure manually, such as response times for specific types of exercises. This objective data helps therapists make more informed decisions about treatment plans and track progress more accurately.

The relationship between clinicians and the platform’s AI is symbiotic – while the AI provides insights and recommendations based on its vast dataset, it also learns from how experienced therapists work with their patients. This combination of human expertise and artificial intelligence creates a continuously improving system that can deliver increasingly sophisticated and personalized rehabilitation support.

Independence and Emotional Recovery

Perhaps Constant Therapy’s most profound impact lies in the way it affects patients’ emotional and psychological recovery, particularly as they grapple with changes to their sense of identity after stroke. Traditional rehabilitation can sometimes feel judgmental, with patients acutely aware of being evaluated during each session. This scrutiny can intensify feelings of loss and inadequacy as patients confront the gap between their pre- and post-stroke capabilities.

In contrast, Constant Therapy offers what Anantha describes as “liberation” – the freedom to practice independently, without fear of judgment. “Nobody’s there to judge you. You practice when you can and the amount you need to, and you are improving at your own pace,” he explains. This independence helps rebuild patients’ confidence and sense of agency in their recovery process. Rather than feeling like passive recipients of therapy, patients become active participants in their recovery journey.

The platform’s approach to measuring progress plays a crucial role in helping patients reconstruct their sense of self. Instead of constantly comparing current abilities to pre-stroke capabilities – a comparison that often leads to frustration and depression – Constant Therapy helps patients focus on forward progress. The “brain fingerprint” feature mentioned above visualizes improvements in a way that emphasizes growth rather than deficit, helping patients see themselves as individuals on a journey of progress rather than defining themselves by their limitations.

This shift in perspective is particularly important for stroke survivors struggling with their professional identity. Many patients, especially those whose careers involved cognitive skills impacted by their stroke, face profound questions about who they are if they can no longer perform their previous roles. Constant Therapy’s structure allows patients to approach rehabilitation like a job, with regular practice sessions and measurable progress, helping maintain a sense of purpose and professional discipline even as they work to redefine their capabilities.

The platform also addresses the isolation that often accompanies stroke recovery. While practicing at home might seem solitary, the app’s ability to compare individual progress with others in similar situations helps patients feel part of a larger community of survivors. This indirect connection helps normalize their experience and reminds them that they are not alone in their recovery journey.

For caregivers, who often struggle with their own identity shifts as they adapt to new responsibilities, Constant Therapy provides crucial support. By enabling more independent practice, the platform helps reduce caregiver burden, allowing family members more time to tend to other responsibilities or their own self-care. This preservation of caregiver independence can help maintain healthier family dynamics, preventing the complete subsumption of the caregiver’s identity into their caregiving role.

The emotional benefits extend to the therapeutic relationship as well. When patients can practice independently between sessions, their time with therapists can focus more on strategy and emotional support rather than just mechanical practice. This shift allows for more meaningful discussions about adapting to post-stroke life and developing new ways of engaging with previous interests and activities.

Anantha emphasizes that the goal isn’t to return patients to exactly who they were before their stroke – an expectation that often leads to frustration and disappointment. Instead, Constant Therapy supports what some stroke survivors call “bouncing forward” – developing a new identity that incorporates both their pre-stroke experiences and their post-stroke reality. The platform’s objective progress tracking provides regular positive reinforcement, helping patients recognize and celebrate their improvements while building confidence in their evolving capabilities.

This comprehensive approach to emotional recovery – supporting independence, maintaining dignity, fostering connection, and facilitating identity reconstruction – represents a significant advance in stroke rehabilitation. By addressing both the practical and psychological aspects of recovery, Constant Therapy helps patients navigate not just the rehabilitation of specific skills, but the complex journey of rebuilding their sense of self after stroke.

Challenges and Future Directions

Despite its success, Constant Therapy faces significant hurdles in its mission to serve stroke survivors. One fundamental challenge parallels what Dr. Kiran has identified in the field at large: the lack of sufficient aphasia-related clinical research. “Traditional aphasia research has been limited by small sample sizes and controlled clinical environments,” notes Anantha. “When you have only 10-20 patients in a study, it’s impossible to draw conclusions about what works best for different severity levels or types of aphasia.”
Constant Therapy’s platform addresses this research gap by generating unprecedented amounts of data across thousands of users, enabling insights that would be impossible in traditional clinical settings. This approach not only improves the product but contributes valuable knowledge back to the field of stroke rehabilitation research. However, challenges remain in translating these insights into comprehensive care models that address both functional recovery and the profound identity shifts stroke survivors experience.

The most pressing obstacle is insurance coverage. While the app itself is relatively affordable, consistent access over the extended period needed for meaningful recovery remains beyond reach for many patients. “The typical insurance model covers clinical services delivered by a professional, not software tools used independently by patients,” Anantha explains. “We’re seeing progress with some provider organizations that cover Constant Therapy for their patients, but we need systemic change to ensure continuous coverage throughout a patient’s recovery journey, which often extends far beyond the acute phase.”

Looking ahead, Anantha and his team have ambitious plans for expansion. The platform will soon be available in Spanish, with more languages to follow, making its benefits accessible to a more diverse patient population. The team continues to enhance the AI capabilities and add new exercises based on patient and clinician feedback, with a particular focus on functional outcomes like safety and independence.

Throughout this growth, the company maintains its unwavering focus on patient impact. “Our belief is that if we can truly help the patient, everything else is going to follow,” says Anantha. This patient-first philosophy has guided the company through numerous challenges and continues to drive its innovation.

Beyond its technological innovations, Constant Therapy represents a fundamental shift in the approach to rehabilitation – moving from intermittent clinical sessions to continuous, personalized support that meets patients where they are. It’s a model that recognizes recovery is essentially about empowering patients to take control of their rehabilitation journey.

“We want this covered for patients across their entire recovery timeframe,” says Anantha, acknowledging that recovery needs don’t fit neatly into prescribed treatment periods. As Constant Therapy continues to evolve, it shows how thoughtfully designed technology can help stroke survivors bounce forward into their new normal, while providing the tools and support they need for sustainable, long-term recovery.

The platform’s success demonstrates that with the right combination of clinical evidence, technological innovation, and human-centered design, we can create solutions that not only improve rehabilitation outcomes but also restore dignity and independence to stroke survivors. As healthcare continues to evolve, Constant Therapy offers a compelling model for how technology can serve as an enabler, amplifying human capabilities and putting more control back in the hands of patients.

About the authors

Swarna Kurungati

Swarna Kuruganti is the Managing Partner at Si-7 LLC, where she shares her thoughtful perspectives on AI’s impact as a speaker and writer, and educator. She leads enterprise AI at US Foods.

Her experiences include leading innovative, emerging technology-enabled solutions, including traditional AI and GenAI, across healthcare and other industries. She has helped define transformed human experiences, while realizing business benefits.

Swarna also contributes to the AI discourse through her writing, with articles in CXOTech, PEX and on LinkedIn, examining business lessons and emerging trends in artificial intelligence.

Her co-authored articles for the American Stroke Association explore the meaningful intersection of technology and recovery, and how AI can help stroke survivors rebuild their sense of self.

She has most recently contributed to industry conversations on AI through speaking engagements at SSON Houston, Tampa Bay Tech and EX3 Labs led XR panel, where she shared insights on implementation approaches while acknowledging the complexities and ongoing learning inherent in this evolving field.

Over her 24+ years as a management consultant, corporate leader and entrepreneur, Swarna has grown a commitment to finding the balance between technological advancement and human-centered outcomes, continually seeking to understand how AI can serve human needs rather than technology for its own sake.

Swarna has a Master’s degree in Information Systems from Baylor University.

MUKUL PANDYA

Mukul is an Associate Fellow at Oxford University’s Saïd Business School and a consulting editor of Oxford Business Review. Mukul experienced a stroke in 2021 and was a guest author on our column with the American Stroke Association on his experience as a stroke survivor. 

He is the founding former editor-in-chief and executive director of Knowledge@Wharton (K@W), the web-based journal of research and business analysis published by the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. He edited and managed K@W for more than 22 years until his retirement in 2020. In 2020-21. He was a Senior Fellow at the research centres Wharton AI for Business and Wharton Customer Analytics.

Mukul has won four awards for investigative journalism and has more than 40 years of experience as a writer and editor. His articles have appeared in The Wall Street JournalThe New York TimesThe EconomistTime magazine, The Philadelphia Inquirer and other publications.

He co-authored Lasting Leadership, Knowledge@Wharton on building corporate value and has written, co-authored or edited three other books. In 2020 he edited an award-winning book, Transformation in Times of Crisis, by Nitin Rakesh and Jerry Wind.

Mukul has a master’s degree in economics from the University of Bombay.